In 1934, Doctor Helen Hosmer opened a physician’s office on West Street in the Village of Galway, in Saratoga County, NY. Originally from Billerica, Massachusetts, when Hosmer arrived in Galway, she was 50 years old, and though an experienced chemist and scientist, she was just beginning her career as a physician.
Helen Hosmer graduated in 1906 from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) with a degree in chemistry. She then worked in the General Electric Research Laboratory in Schenectady for eight years. In 1915, she relocated to Cleveland to work for one year with Dr. George Washington Crile, an expert in physiologic surgery and the founder of the American College of Surgeons.
Dr. Hosmer next joined the faculty of Albany Medical College, where she taught physiology for eight years and, at the same time, completed three years toward her Doctor of Medicine degree. It was during her years in Albany that she first volunteered to work at the medical clinic established by Sir Winfield Grenfell (1865-1940) in Labrador, Canada.
After one year in the north, she returned to America and, in 1931, completed her fourth year of medical study at Tufts College, graduating with a medical degree. From there, Hosmer spent two years as an intern at Samaritan Hospital in Troy, NY.
A Rensselaer County Mountain Rescue
In the 1930s an internship was considered the final step before a doctor opened their private practice. During this time, the intern often “took up residence” at the hospital, working long hours for low pay, often doing menial tasks and riding with ambulance crews on calls.
It was during her internship at Samaritan Hospital that Helen gained experience in medical fieldwork. In late October of 1934, a Dr. Davenport of Samaritan Hospital received a call from the family in Taborton, a rural mountain community in the eastern Rensselaer County town of Sand Lake, 14 miles from Troy, that someone was seriously ill.
To make matters even worse, the man was too ill to make his way to the hospital, and the cabin where he resided was a mile from the nearest road.
Soon the doctor was on the way by ambulance, accompanied only by his assistant, Dr. Helen Hosmer, and their driver. It was a long walk in and likely seemed an even longer walk out, carrying their patient on the mile-long woodland path, but soon the ambulance was back on the road.
In recalling the incident later, Doctor Davenport praised Hosmer as being a “great help,” and the ambulance driver for his role as a stretcher bearer.
A Saratoga County Home
Once Dr. Hosmer had completed her internship, she took a position as College Physician to Keuka College, where she served for two years. After her time in Keuka, she moved to West Street in Galway, where she served the community as a physician from 1934 to 1937.
Why Helen Hosmer chose Galway is unclear, but she was quickly embraced by the community. As the local newspaper was a community bulletin board for both social and personal events, Dr. Hosmer’s work as a physician was occasionally noted.
As part of her work in the community, Dr. Hosmer provided physical examinations at local schools and administered diphtheria vaccines in pre-school clinics. While in Galway, she had not forgotten her time in Canada, as she gave a lecture on Dr. Wilfred Grenfell’s work in northern Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador at the Galway Presbyterian Church.
Dr. Hosmer left Galway and returned to the Grenfell medical clinics in May of 1937, where she was given responsibility over the St. Mary’s River Hospital. During the years that she oversaw the facility, she began cultivating a garden to help provide much-needed vegetables for the patients and staff.
Along with the short growing season was the abundance of blackflies and other biting insects. Those working in the gardens were forced to wear thick veils that had to be tucked deeply into their outer garments.
After three years in Labrador, she returned on furlough to the States for the winter of 1940. She took time to visit friends that she had made in Galway, such as Cecil Anibal and his wife, before returning north in the spring.
During her 1941 furlough, Helen was in residence at Ellis Hospital in Schenectady. Also, during her time away from Grenfell, she gave lectures about her experiences in Labrador, including a broadcast on “Farm Forum,” broadcast on General Electric’s Schenectady radio station, WGY. (You can all about Jared van Wagenen’s “Farm Paper of the Air,” which ran from the 1920s to 1960, here.)
After her return to Canada in early 1942, Dr. Hosmer traveled by boat and Inuit dog sled from St. Mary’s River 32 miles to the logging village of Port Hope Simpson. Later in the winter, she again headed out by dog sled, this time 95 miles to Forteau Nursing Station.
As the winter had been mild up to that point, the dogs had a hard time on the thin layer of snow and slush. In telling of her time that winter, she recalled that her only consolation was that “I did not get thrown off any oftener than my driver.”
In early 1943, Dr. Hosmer left Labrador and returned to Saratoga County, where she took the position as first assistant to the physician at the Homestead Tuberculosis Sanatorium in the town of Providence.
When she first arrived, the head physician position was temporarily vacant, so for a few weeks, she stepped in to administer the sanatorium’s work until Dr. Emond Suss arrived in early February.
Dr. Helen Hosmer served as a physician at the sanatorium from 1943 until 1956, when she retired for a time. She returned in 1961 to serve as the resident physician at the infirmary. During her years at the Homestead, Helen Hosmer lived in Middle Grove, in the town of Greenfield about seven miles from Saratoga Springs, where her hobby was raising Nubian Goats. Her animals won many prizes in New York and New England.
Dr. Helen Hosmer passed away in 1966 at the age of 82, having lived a full life of service in the United States and Canada.
Read more about New York Medical History
This essay is presented by the Saratoga County History Center.
Illustrations, from above: The Battle Harbour Hospital staff on day off, 1909 with Dr. Wilfred Grenfell second from right (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division, St. John’s); a map of Grenfell Mission stations in northern Newfoundland and southern Labrador from Alfreda Withington’s “Dr. A. Withington’s Letter,” in Among the Deep Sea Fishers, April, 6 1908 (larger version located here); Dr. Hosmer around the time of her first retirement from Homestead Sanatorium (Saratogian, June 7, 1956); and the now closed Forteau Nursing Station in ca. 2023 (photo by Juliet Lanphear).
Recent Comments